23 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
), Spontaneous rupture ... rupture • Papillary ... Papillary muscle rupture ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
Endocarditis Algorithm ... Noninfective Causes ... disease • Systemic infection ... • HACEK • Culture-negative ... #Differential #
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... identified with modern culture ... #differential # ... #culture #negative
Blood Culture Collection Algorithm - Adult Patients with Suspected Systemic Infection 

Pawlowicz et al evidenced based
Blood Culture Collection ... Suspected Systemic Infection ... source of bacterial infection ... infection, endocarditis ... concerned for an infection
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
• Additional culture ... for metastatic infection ... heart failure • Myocardial ... Obtain single blood culture ... metastatic foci of infection
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... • Infection with ... special media) • Infection ... #Infective #Endocarditis
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Causes of Severe ... Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture ... - Leaflet: • Infection ... : Infective Endocarditis ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Culture (+): ... • Coagulase-negative ... staphylococci Culture ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Heart Failure - Differential ... Most Common): - Myocardium ... • Chronic Lung Infection ... Embolism • Primary ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Skin Rash

40 M presents w/ N, V, severe epigastric pain. SHx: smoker, drinks 18
to meningitis, endocarditis ... Myocarditis & culture-negative ... C. canimorsus infection ... is difficult to culture ... Capnocytophaga infection