11 results
Interpreting Kidney Biomarkers

↑ Creatinine: 
 • AKI, CKD
 • Medications that lead to nephroprotective ↓ in
, CKD • Medications ... nephroprotective ↓ in GFR ... , CKD • Obesity ... hyperthyroidism ↓ eGFR ... #renal #diagnosis
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
- Differential Diagnosis ... function (eGFR ... Proteinuria) • Diabetes ... ) • Multiple myeloma ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Age-related changes, chronic ... kidney disease ... leaflets/chordae) - SLE ... tumor (left atrial myxoma ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
fever) and laboratory ... permanent alopecia Differential ... C4) • ds-DNA: Kidney ... • Kidney biopsy ... with Lupus: • Chronic
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE
Scleroderma Like Conditions - Differential Diagnosis
Eosinophilic Fasciitis:
 - Orange peel induration (peau d'orange) of proximal extremities
Like Conditions - Differential ... Diagnosis Eosinophilic ... patients with kidney ... long-standing diabetes ... frequent in men Chronic
Facial Swelling - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Facial Edema

Infectious:
	• Dental abscess
	• Ludwig's angina
	• Vincent's angina
	• Cellulitis
	•
Facial Swelling - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Autoimmune: • SLE ... Contact dermatitis (CD ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Diabetes, diabetic ... Chronic kidney disease ... Chronic kidney disease ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Eosinophilia, asthma, chronic ... • ANA (Suggest CTD ... SLE) • Urinalysis