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Summary of dosing recommendations in renal impairment of commonly used hypoglycaemic agents

#Diabetes #Diabetic #Medications #Pharmacology #Dosing
hypoglycaemic agents #Diabetes ... #Diabetic #Medications ... Renal #Impairment #CKD ... #Table #GFR #Hypoglycemics
Definitions of AKI, CKD, AKD
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI):
 • Increase in SCr by 2 50% within
ml/min per 1.73 m2 ... ml/min per 1.73 m2 ... ml/min per 1.73 m2 ... • Stable SCr ... #nephrology #acute
Diabetes Medications Summary Table
Insulin
Lifestyle modifications
Metformin
Sulfonylureas
GLP-1 receptor agonists - ↓ major adverse CV events
TZDs
DPP-4 inhibitors
SGLT2 inhibitors -
Diabetes Medications ... Summary Table ... Improved outcomes in CKD ... #medications #table ... endocrinology #dm2
Comparison of anti-diabetic or anti-hyperglycemic agents

There are numerous anti-hyperglycemic agents available to manage Type 2 diabetes.
Each class of medications ... #pharmacology #pharmacotherapy ... #table #comparison ... #management #medications ... #treatment
Managing warfarin INR

Warfarin dosage must be individualized according to the patient's response to the drug, and
For most indications ... The optimal TTR ... #pharmacology #treatment ... #medications #table ... #pharmacotherapy
Pharmacotherapy for Migraine Prophylaxis 

Who is indicated for migraine prophylaxis? Patients who experience more than 3
Pharmacotherapy ... appropriate acute treatment ... #Prophylaxis #Medications ... #Table #Pharmacology ... #Management #Neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... VBG (acidosis), CK ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... Poorly controlled DM ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2. ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... Poorly controlled DM ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2. ... potassium #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Nephrogenic diabetes ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table