51 results
Ophthalmoplegia secondary to Orbital Apex Syndrome

A 61-year-old man presented with retro-orbital pain, near-complete ophthalmoplegia, loss of
to Orbital Apex Syndrome ... A 61-year-old ... retro-orbital pain, near-complete ... Orbital #Apex #Syndrome ... Clinical #Video #Ophthalmology
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): Summary of Causes and Ocular Manifestations
 • Molluscum lesions
 • Eyelid Kaposi
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ... • Cotton wool spots ... Complications #ophthalmology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
6mm); • Light-near ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... - no light-near ... PhysicalExam #neurology #ophthalmology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
Clinical:
 • Sudden, painless, complete loss of vision 
 • Pale retina
• Cherry red spot ... on fovea Management ... • Immediate ophthalmology ... Clinical #Fundoscopy #Ophthalmology
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
Patients As: • Black spots ... the vision • Spots ... • Vitritis • Tear ... retina, a retinal tear ... Diagnosis #Ocular #ophthalmology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Syphilis (light-near ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
mucins with reduced tear ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Hordeolum vs Chalazion

Hordeolum (Stye):
 • Location: Most commonly found at or near an eyelash follicle
 •
commonly found at or near ... Clinical #Diagnosis #Management ... #Ophthalmology
Perilunate Dislocation
On lateral wrist XR, the capitate ("apple") should sit in the lunate ("tea cup") which
in the lunate ("tea ... sit in lunate "tea ... injury • ED Management ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #Sports
CPAP Troubleshooting Tips
1. Wrong size/style mask → try a different mask, nasal pillows
2. Trouble getting used
getting used to it → wear ... for short periods ... irritation, pressure sores ... falling asleep → wear ... Troubleshooting #Tips #management