37 results
Ophthalmoplegia secondary to Orbital Apex Syndrome

A 61-year-old man presented with retro-orbital pain, near-complete ophthalmoplegia, loss of
to Orbital Apex Syndrome ... A 61-year-old ... retro-orbital pain, near-complete ... Orbital #Apex #Syndrome ... Clinical #Video #Ophthalmology
Rheumatoid Arthritis Summary
MCP and PIP Involvement, Spares DIP, Carpal Tunnel, Sicca Syndrome, Epi/Scleritis, Heart Disease, Rheumatoid
PIP Involvement, Spares ... Tunnel, Sicca Syndrome ... Instability, Felty's Syndrome ... RA #diagnosis #rheumatology
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): Summary of Causes and Ocular Manifestations
 • Molluscum lesions
 • Eyelid Kaposi
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ... • Cotton wool spots ... Complications #ophthalmology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
6mm); • Light-near ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... - no light-near ... PhysicalExam #neurology #ophthalmology
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
Patients As: • Black spots ... the vision • Spots ... • Vitritis • Tear ... retina, a retinal tear ... Diagnosis #Ocular #ophthalmology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Syphilis (light-near ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
: 17-52 cases/year ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology ... #Rheumatology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
Clinical Syndrome ... Features: alveolitis, ear ... myelodysplastic syndrome ... myelodysplastic syndrome ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
mucins with reduced tear ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Summary
Antinuclear (ANA) - 95% - Initial screening test
Anti-dsDNA - 50%
 • Associated
block • Sjogren syndrome ... polymyositis overlap syndrome ... Hydroxychloroquine *Short ... Summary #diagnosis #rheumatology