14 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... liver failure • nephrotic ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Algorithm - Utilizing ... water retention 1) ... Uric Acid - Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Diabetes ... Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Algorithm Hypovolemic ... CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic ... Potomania - Tea ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Algorithm ADH ... Independent: • Tea ... Beer Potomania - Low ... liver failure, nephrotic ... #nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Algorithm High ... Intoxication - High 1, ... #Algorithm #Workup ... #nephrology #PTH
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Once ... discrete buckets: 1. ... filling of bucket (low ... #workup #nephrology