23 results
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... diabetes Key signs/symptoms ... of HHS/DKA: Both ... : Short course (
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Management Summary Symptoms ... Abdominal pain • Nausea ... , and death DKA ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Management Summary Symptoms ... Abdominal pain • Nausea ... , and death DKA ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
lipolysis Signs/Symptoms ... deficiency: - Short ... expansion (e.g. carpal ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Other rare causes ... overgrowth: • Carpal ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Diagnostic Algorithm for Dizziness and Vertigo
Peripheral Vertigo:
 • Attacks: Sudden, severe, can last anywhere from seconds
with vascular causes ... findings BPPV • Short-lived ... positional episodes caused ... No auditory symptoms ... Long symptom-free
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
Tetanus Toxin -> Spores ... hemorrhagic rash; symptoms ... lymph -> Koplik's spots ... non-specific viral symptoms ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Hashitoxicosis

‘Leakage’ symptoms of active Hashimoto’s disease

- Hashitoxicosis (Htx) can occur during the initial hyperthyroid stage in
Hashitoxicosis ‘Leakage’ symptoms ... thyroiditis that causes ... ‘Leakage’ symptoms ... Hashitoxicosis #Hashimotos #Endocrinology ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms