21 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... stroke, Acute spinal ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... cord injury, Early ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... -> Anterior spinal ... bladder and rectal reflex ... pathophysiology #signs ... #orthopedics #neurology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Weakness • Spinal ... Poliomyelitis, Guillain-Barre ... Phrenic nerve injury ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... Tethered cord • Guillain-Barre ... • Provocative Tests ... absent anal wink test ... #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... in deep tendon reflexes ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... of intrathecal spinal ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #neurology
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
It is a clear sign ... the pupillary reflex ... regarding the cause ... afferent pathway injury ... Pupillary #Defect #Neurology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Locked-in syndrome ... Awareness • Injury ... • Examine for signs ... Casey Albin MD @ ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Hoffmann's sign was originally described as follows: the test is performed by supporting the patient's hand
as follows: the test ... indicative of injury ... affecting the cervical spinal ... PhysicalExam #Neurology ... #Reflex
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
• Symptoms and signs ... Cord Causes: 1 ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology