6681 results
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
reduced exercise tolerance ... un lymphatic Diagnostic ... endomyocardial biopsy Pharmacology ... #heartfailure #diagnosis ... management #cardiology #pharmacology
Summary of actions of some Cholinergic Agonists

Bethanechol 
• Used in treatment of urinary retention 
• Binds
who have become tolerant ... Edrophonium • Used for diagnosis ... Cholinergic #Agonists #Pharmacology
Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism - Symptoms and Signs
Hypothyroidism:
 - General - From asymptomatic to myxedema coma, “Like
• Low exercise tolerance ... Hyperlipidemia • Cold intolerance ... poor exercise tolerance ... • Heat intolerance ... Symptoms #Signs #Diagnosis
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
loss - Heat intolerance ... Decr exercise tolerance
Testing for Diabetes Type II
 - 
Hemoglobin A1c test
 - Random blood sugar test
 - Fasting
- Oral glucose tolerance ... Endocrinology #Diagnosis
Benzodiazepines: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
 • Decr spinal cord activity -> Muscle relaxant
- Dependence, tolerance ... Benzodiazepines #Psychiatry #Pharmacology
Conceptual Relationship between Volume Responsiveness and Volume Tolerance

Assessing for volume responsiveness would only tell you that
Responsiveness and Volume Tolerance ... Decreased volume tolerance ... Responsiveness #Tolerance
Clinical Pharmacologic Properties of Antiarrhythmic Drugs

#Antiarrhythmic #Drugs #Medications #Pharmacology #Cardiology #Table #Effects
Clinical Pharmacologic ... #Medications #Pharmacology
Pharmacologic Treatment of Hyperthyroidism

#Hyperthyroidism #Treatment #Management #Pharmacology #Medications #Comparison #Table #Endocrinology #AAFP #Propylthiouracil #Methimazole
Pharmacologic Treatment ... Treatment #Management #Pharmacology
Metformin - First Line Treatment for Diabetes Type 2
• Start with initial dose of 500 mg
using highest dose tolerable ... Indications #Titration #Pharmacology