39 results
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
mechanical loading => Bone ... strain => Bone ... StressFractures #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... Signs and symptoms ... criteria for MS ... #diagnosis #management
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
tenderness • Positive one-legged ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
"pooping duck sign ... "pooping duck sign ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Management #Orthopedics ... #Sports #MSK
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
and underlying bone ... #Dislocation #Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #pathophysiology
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
pre-determined etiology Signs ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Whipple Disease (Tropheryma whipplei) - Diagnosis and Management 

Caused by: Tropheryma whipplei

Symptoms and Signs:
1. Migratory poly/oligoarthralgia
and Management ... Symptoms and Signs ... Criteria - Either ... #algorithm #management ... #criteria #Tropheryma
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... easily/weakness, Bone ... /joint pain Psychiatric ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in