27 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
tenderness • Positive one-legged ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
mechanical loading => Bone ... strain => Bone ... StressFractures #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
 • Introduction
 • Classification
 • Pathophysiology of TAPVR
 • Presentation
Classification • Pathophysiology ... Classic “snowman sign ... Pre-Operative Management ... Post-Operative Management ... cardiology #peds #pediatrics
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... easily/weakness, Bone ... /joint pain Psychiatric ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
tear a portion of bone ... onto lateral hip Signs ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Weakness, Incr CK • Bone ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Diagnosis and Management ... cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... of bacilli to bone
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
"pooping duck sign ... "pooping duck sign ... fractures • ED Management ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome Signs ... Infertility • Decr Bone ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
and underlying bone ... joint capsule or bone ... Dislocation #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology