15 results
Isolated Hyperbilirubinemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Direct Hyperbilirubinemia: Dubin-Johnson Syndrome, Rotor Syndrome
Indirect Hyperbilirubinemia: 
 - Trauma, Hematoma,
- Differential ... Gilbert's Syndrome, Crigler-Najjar ... Reticulocyte Count Abnormal ... #Isolated #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
Jaundice - Differential ... - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia ... on Ultrasound Biliary ... Gallstones • Biliary ... Algorithm #Causes #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... Smoking, Microbial triggers ... #PBC #Primary #Biliary ... #hepatology
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia ... posthepatitis hyperbilirubinemia ... Gilbert syndrome, Crigler-Najjar ... reactions) Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia ... #unconjugated #differential
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Abnormal Liver Function ... Tests - Differential ... - CBD stone, Biliary ... LFTs #Elevated #Abnormal ... Algorithm #diagnosis #hepatology
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia ... common hereditary hyperbilirubinemia ... of about 30% of normal ... malaise, are common Crigler-Najjar ... Congenital #bilirubin #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Liver Enzymes - Differential ... disease US — Normal ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... #LiverEnzymes #Differential
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... No extrahepatic biliary ... bile ducts Differential ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Inherited forms of Hyperbilirubinemia
Major pathways involved in bilirubin production, conjugation, and excretion. Notes: Both the UB
Inherited forms of Hyperbilirubinemia ... Unconjugated Crigler-Najjar ... #pathophysiology ... #congenital #hepatology ... #pediatrics #peds
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Normal Values and Interpretation

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal
Tests (LFTs) - Normal ... (GGT) - Liver, biliary ... Conjugated/DBili) - Biliary ... conjugation (Gillbert, Crigler-Najjar ... Interpretation #diagnosis #hepatology