26 results
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
Giant Cell (Temporal ... environmental triggers ... HLA-DR4 mutation ... - Normocytic Anemia ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Illness Script Signs ... and symptoms: ... stem cell transplant ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Treatment
Primary HLH:
 - HLH-94 Protocol
    • Dexamethasone
) Treatment Primary ... varies depending on trigger ... autoimmune disease, treatment ... #Treatment #management ... #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
signs and symptoms ... Low or absent NK cell ... • Bicytopenia Treatment ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... into serum • Triggers ... TLS #diagnosis #management ... #hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
with no early symptoms ... Physical Exam/Signs ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... workup #oncology #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
) Pathophysiology ... Unknown cause Treatment ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #summary ... #rheumatology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL ... of anemia or thrombocytopenia ... marrow failure with anemia ... Leukemia #oncology #hematology ... hemeonc #diagnosis #management
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... pulmonary TB PE ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... should be done in ALL
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Laryngeal and pulmonary ... • Vomiting • Anemia ... Alarm features: • Anemia ... reduction • Avoid “trigger ... Disease #diagnosis #management