47 results
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Comparison: • Primary ... Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
factors • Age ... Corticosteroid use • Primary ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
normal mood - Primary ... treatment goal ... #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Psychiatry
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
evaluation confirmed a diagnosis ... of primary hypothyroidism ... deep-tendon reflex, is a neurologic ... , and advanced age ... Clinical #Video #Neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Progressive MS • Primary ... Multiple Sclerosis Treatment ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #management #neurology ... #treatment #MS
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam - Hi-Res .mp4 version here: https://www.grepmed.com/images/13248

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and
Woltman’s sign on ... evaluation confirmed a diagnosis ... of primary hypothyroidism ... deep-tendon reflex, is a neurologic ... , and advanced age
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
Usually middle-aged ... compromise Clinical Signs ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... data • Early treatment
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
- Acquired - Primary ... Treatment is aimed ... at the psychiatric ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... European descent • Age ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... malignancy #Primary
Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis - Illness Script
 • Epidemiology: Asian men age 20-30 with hyperthyroidism of any
Epidemiology: Asian men age ... and menses • Pathophysiology ... hormone • Symptoms/signs ... or high T3 • Treatment ... Periodic #Paralysis #diagnosis