20 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... , HIV serology, ... biopsy • Abdominal ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
pinched by the abdominal ... retroperitoneal masses ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
Remember that NSAIDs and ... NSAIDs cause vasoconstriction ... use shouldn't cause ... ACEIARB #Effects #Nephrology ... #Renal #Pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... : • Triad of symptoms ... urine • Other symptoms ... Tachycardia - N/V - Abdominal ... #treatment #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... osmotic gradient and ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... resting HR) • Abdominal ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
85%) - Colicky abdominal ... Intussusception - Renal ... nephritic syndrome, renal ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... Kidney stones caused ... Postoperative abdominal ... distention • Abdominal ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... neuropathy • Renal ... : - Renal failure