67 results
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
fractured carpal bone ... "pooping duck sign ... common carpal bone ... "pooping duck sign ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis ... 30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Weakness, Incr CK • Bone ... Normal CK • Osteoporosis ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
: Commonly no signs ... , Fragile bones/ ... osteoporosis, Kidney ... easily/weakness, Bone ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
mechanical loading => Bone ... strain => Bone ... StressFractures #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis ... -> Reduced Bone ... Formation, Increased Bone ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome Signs ... /Symptoms/Complications ... Infertility • Decr Bone ... mineral density and osteoporosis ... #peds #pediatrics
Gaucher Disease 

Pathophsiology
 • Lysosomal storage disorder
 • Deficiency of ß-glucocerebrosidase
• Accumulation of glucosylceramide in macrophages
Diagnosis
Gaucher Disease Pathophsiology ... Osteonecrosis, bone ... infarcts, osteoporosis ... Disease #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Symptoms of Hypophosphatemia
 • CNS: Seizures, Delirium, Paresthesias, Central & extrapontine myelinolysis, Hallucinations, Fatigue
 • Hematologic:
Symptoms of Hypophosphatemia ... Heart failure • Bones ... Growth retardation, Bone ... pain • MSK: Proximal ... #Signs #Diagnosis
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 • Paresthesia of 5th and medial half of 4th
test • + Tinel sign ... • + Froment's sign ... Syndrome #Diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk