51 results
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... - IBD • Chronic ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
- Anemia of chronic ... - Anemia of chronic ... kidney disease ... deficiency - Probable bone ... #differential #workup
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
decades of life Causes ... and duration of symptoms ... resolve within one ... urticaria, Chronic ... Urticaria #diagnosis #rheumatology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Diagnosis and Workup ... PT, aPTT(liver disease ... pylori test (GI symptoms ... candidate) - Bone ... #Workup #hematology
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Causes of Polycythemia ... Smoking, Snoring Chronic ... Chest Symptoms ... Sleep Apnea • Chronic ... #Hematology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
-> chronic pain ... Malnutrition • Wilson's disease ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Chronic leukemia ... onset of symptoms ... extramedullary disease ... -> AML: Blast crises ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Pott's Disease in ... extrapulmonary cases ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... of bacilli to bone ... CMC_IM #Potts #Disease
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
• Ligament • Bone ... or nerve root Symptoms ... : • Acute or chronic ... Joint #Pain #MSK #rheumatology ... #approach #workup
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
findings Acute or Chronic ... 3: Necrosis of bone ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms