57 results
Ossification of Carpal Bones

It’s always tricky to remember the age of ossification of the carpal bones
interpreting a Pediatric ... ossification of the bones ... at the carpal bones ... -6-7 years for Triquetral ... Diagnosis #Peds #Pediatrics
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
mechanical loading => Bone ... strain => Bone ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Age of Ossification of Carpal Bones
Capitate - 1 Month
Hamate - 2 Months
Triquetral - 3 Years
Lunate -
Ossification of Carpal Bones ... Hamate - 2 Months Triquetral ... of the carpal bones ... #Age #Carpal #Bones ... diagnosis #msk #pediatrics
Osteoarthritis (OA): Clinical findings
 • Stimulation of joint nociceptors in subchondral bone -> Pain with loading
in subchondral bone ... architecture -> Palpable bony ... contact between bony ... Osteoarthritis #OA #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Syndrome Signs/Symptoms ... Infertility • Decr Bone ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Congenital Infections - Comparison Table:
Infections: Toxoplasma, Rubella, CMV, Treponema, Parvovirus B19, VZV, Herpes, Enterovirus
Manifestations: Anemia, Bony
Manifestations: Anemia, Bony ... Comparison #Table #pediatrics ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Osteosarcoma 
Most common primary malignant bone tumor in children 
Most Common Sites of Involvement:
1. Distal femur
primary malignant bone ... injury • Systemic symptoms ... Oncology #Peds #Pediatrics
Gaucher Disease 

Pathophsiology
 • Lysosomal storage disorder
 • Deficiency of ß-glucocerebrosidase
• Accumulation of glucosylceramide in macrophages
Diagnosis
Gaucher Disease Pathophsiology ... Osteonecrosis, bone ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms