67 results
Bone Lesion on X-Ray - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Exostotic
 • Osteochondroma
Asymptomatic &/or Non-Active Bone Scam
 •
Bone Lesion on X-Ray ... /or Non-Active Bone ... • Unicameral Bone ... Constitutional Symptoms ... #Causes
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Elevated ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Algorithm ALP ... stimulation (placenta/Bone ... - Highest • Bone ... Intestine - Other causes ... Renal disease - Bone
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Primary Bone Tumors ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Aneurysmal Bone ... Histiocytoma #Primary #Bone ... #Causes #Oncology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm True ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... Media • Temporal Bone ... #Algorithm #Causes
Wrist / Carpal Bones Mnemonic - Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle

Proximal Row (Radial
Wrist / Carpal Bones ... Scaphoid → Lunate → Triquetrum ... Wrist #Carpal #Bones ... #Mnemonic #Anatomy ... Orthopedics #Wrist #Diagnosis
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver, bone ... Most cases diagnosed ... • softening of bones ... of feet, thigh bones ... : Inhibitor of bone
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
excessive bone ... turnover -> Incr bone ... Incr (abnormal) bone ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Hemolysis - Diagnostic ... Algorithm and Causes ... hyperplasia of bone ... Hemolytic #Anemia #Algorithm ... #Differential #Causes