106 results
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Normal Values and Interpretation

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal
cardiac & skeletal muscle ... cardiac & skeletal muscle ... , bone, placenta ... brain, NOT in bone ... pancreas, NOT in bone
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Algorithm Vascular Causes ... > 1 • Acute muscle ... , cardiac muscle ... , cardiac muscle ... hemolysis) • ALP: Bone
Liver Enzymes (LFTs) - Causes of Hepatocellular and Cholestatic Liver Injury
Hepatocellular Liver Injury
 • AST/ALT elevation
Liver Enzymes (LFTs ... ) - Causes of Hepatocellular ... and Cholestatic Liver ... Hepatocellular Liver ... expression in skeletal muscle
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
> 1 • Acute muscle ... 3 • Chronic muscle ... , cardiac muscle ... , Cardiac muscle ... hemolysis) • ALP: Bone
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... , bone, placenta ... Most cases diagnosed ... Hypotonia - Pain (muscle ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
Liver Function Test ... Cardiac and skeletal muscle ... specific for the liver ... abnormality vs bone ... SinaiBmoreIMRes #Liver
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Liver Chemistry ... > skeletal muscle ... , cardiac muscle ... In liver, 80% of ... Other locations: bone
TISSUE APPEARANCES ON 
MUSCULOSKELETAL ULTRASOUND 

Bone:
 
Bone is represented as a very bright structure and appears
MUSCULOSKELETAL ULTRASOUND ... Bone: Bone ... can pass through bone ... Muscle: Muscle ... Nerve: Ultrasound
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Cramps: • Muscle ... , Kidneys, Liver ... Rhabdomyolysis - AKI - Liver ... tissue damage (AKI, Liver ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... : INR/PT, aPTT(liver ... bypass), LFT (liver ... candidate) - Bone ... patients if the cause