14 results
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
The triquetrum ... fractured carpal bone ... common carpal bone ... Discharge with orthopedic ... Diagnosis #Management #Orthopedics
Most Common Carpal Bone Fractures by Frequency
 • Scaphoid - 50-80%
 • Triquetral - 5-20%
 •
Common Carpal Bone ... Scaphoid - 50-80% • Triquetral ... drdevrad #Carpal #Bone ... radiology #msk #orthopedics
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
absorption ↑ bone ... Hypophosphatemia: ↑ bone ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
mechanical loading => Bone ... strain => Bone ... StressFractures #msk #orthopedics ... #pathophysiology
Hypercalcemia - Hormones and Pathophysiology  
Calcitriol:
 • Bones: Enhances mineralization
 • GI Tract: ↑ Ca2+
- Hormones and Pathophysiology ... Calcitriol: • Bones ... : ↑ Bone resorption ... Hypercalcemia #Hormones #Pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
and underlying bone ... joint capsule or bone ... symptoms #msk #orthopedics ... #pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Incr IGF1 • Bone ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
Bisphosphonate suppresses bone ... damage weakens the bone ... Fractures #msk #orthopedics ... differential #causes #pathophysiology
Calcium homeostasis is a process controlled by chiefly by hormones vitamin D and PTH. 
Vitamin D
and stimulating bone ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology