27 results
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... IBD • Chronic liver ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Acute Fatty Liver ... Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... hepatocytes → Liver ... Antithrombin Ill • Ultrasound ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Abnormal liver function ... Boxes in yellow ... shown in the grey boxes ... Green boxes indicate ... mellitus; USS, ultrasound
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Liver Chemistry ... ALT: • AST: liver ... In liver, 80% of ... Other locations: bone ... Bilirubin #Hepatology #Pathophysiology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... , bone, placenta ... • softening of bones ... of feet, thigh bones ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Growth Hormone: • Liver ... Incr IGF1 • Bone ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Calcium homeostasis is a process controlled by chiefly by hormones vitamin D and PTH. 
Vitamin D
processes in the liver ... and stimulating bone ... #Pathophysiology
Pneumoperitoneum from perforated duodenal ulcer on RUQ POCUS

Male with severe RUQ abdominal pain. Answer in thread.
anterior to the liver ... Robert Jones @RJonesSonoEM ... POCUS #clinical #ultrasound
Nutrition in Cirrhosis: Dos and Don’ts
Screening:
 • Patients at risk for RFH-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool
 • Low
) • Advanced liver ... Analysis, muscle ultrasound ... nutrition in chronic liver ... patients with liver ... management #hepatology #pathophysiology
Pseudogout: pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - Idiopathic (vast majority of cases) -> Mechanism unknown
 - Familial
phosphorous in bones ... high-resolution ultrasound ... Signs #Symptoms #Pathophysiology