77 results
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
fractured carpal bone ... "pooping duck sign ... common carpal bone ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis ... 30 (post-peak bone ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Weakness, Incr CK • Bone ... Normal CK • Osteoporosis ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... , Fragile bones/ ... osteoporosis, Kidney ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Gaucher Disease 

Pathophsiology
 • Lysosomal storage disorder
 • Deficiency of ß-glucocerebrosidase
• Accumulation of glucosylceramide in macrophages
Diagnosis
Gaucher Disease Pathophsiology ... in macrophages Diagnosis ... Osteonecrosis, bone ... infarcts, osteoporosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis ... -> Reduced Bone ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Most Common Carpal Bone Fractures by Frequency
 • Scaphoid - 50-80%
 • Triquetral - 5-20%
 •
Common Carpal Bone ... Scaphoid - 50-80% • Triquetral ... drdevrad #Carpal #Bone ... frequency #radiology #msk ... #orthopedics #diagnosis
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
mechanical loading => Bone ... strain => Bone ... StressFractures #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Tumours - See Bone ... Elderly Secondary Osteoporosis ... Fractures #Pathologic #MSK ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome Signs ... Infertility • Decr Bone ... mineral density and osteoporosis ... sleep apnea, cor pulmonale ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology