62 results
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology
Cushing Syndrome - Signs and Symptoms
Generalized: Weight gain, Slow healing of cuts, Increased risk of infections,
Syndrome - Signs and Symptoms ... blood pressure Bones ... Syndrome #Signs #Symptoms ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Acromegaly 
Caused by over-secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland. 
The condition is rare
Acromegaly Caused ... Acromegaly #Signs #Symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... Media • Temporal Bone ... Imbalance, neurologic symptoms ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Rachitic Rosary of Rickets on Physical Exam

Bead-like prominences of bone are seen at the costochondral joints.
prominences of bone ... mineralization causes ... VitaminD #deficiency #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Miscellaneous - Bone ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... D) Increased bone ... Multiple myeloma (bone ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... Androgens: • Symptoms ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... due to increased bone ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... • softening of bones ... of feet, thigh bones ... mineralization Symptoms ... Phosphatase: • Other causes