14 results
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
30 (post-peak bone ... Decr estrogen • Bone ... decr activity, nutrition ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... /joint pain Psychiatric ... Symptoms: Disorientation ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
dental fixatives, Treatment ... /jejunal nutrition ... Musculoskeletal: Low bone ... #riskfactors #symptoms ... #nutrition
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Mucous membranes • Bone ... • Persons with psychiatric ... musculoskeletal symptoms ... Psychiatric symptoms ... vasculitis Treatment
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... overload) Other Symptoms ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... Refeeding #Syndrome #Nutrition ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
mood - Primary treatment ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Psychiatry
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
age 70 years Symptoms ... Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... marrow studies Treatment ... Immunosuppressive treatment
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Transplantation including bone ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
surgery, trauma, and bone-marrow ... than one after symptom ... the underlying pathophysiology ... and cauda equina TREATMENT
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... antibodies • Nutritional ... Transverse Myelitis Treatment