13 results
Age of Ossification of Carpal Bones
Capitate - 1 Month
Hamate - 2 Months
Triquetral - 3 Years
Lunate -
Age of Ossification ... of Carpal Bones ... Hamate - 2 Months Triquetral ... of the carpal bones ... radiology #mnemonic #diagnosis
Ossification of Carpal Bones

It’s always tricky to remember the age of ossification of the carpal bones
Ossification of ... remember the age of ossification ... and sequence of ossification ... -6-7 years for Triquetral ... #Wrist #Diagnosis
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Incr IGF1 • Bone ... chondrocytes -> Incr ossification ... tissue expansion (e.g ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Tertiary Lab Comparison ... signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
to the femur ( e.g ... Bisphosphonate suppresses bone ... damage weakens the bone ... #orthopedics #diagnosis ... differential #causes #pathophysiology
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
40% of patients diagnosed ... cells in blood and bone ... bacterial infections (e.g ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Transplantation including bone ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... factor PRES Diagnosis ... Differential Diagnosis ... • EEG: With persistent
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
surgery, trauma, and bone-marrow ... bulbar muscles DIAGNOSIS ... Electrodiagnostic studies (Ex EMG ... the underlying pathophysiology ... Barre #Syndrome #diagnosis
Paget’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Incr serum CTx - marker of bone resorption
 •
CTx - marker of bone ... resorption • Lytic bone ... Skeletal-deformities- e.g ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Anemia of Hospitalization - Pathophysiology

Why does the Hgb/Hct drop in the first two days during hospitalization?

Interestingly,
Hospitalization - Pathophysiology ... loss of muscle, bone ... 500 mL in a 70 kg ... of unnecessary diagnostic ... #differential #diagnosis