70 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... Osteoarthritis - Overuse syndrome ... Seronegative Reactive Syndrome ... - Giant cell tumor ... #causes #differential
Meigs Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Triad:
1) Pleural effusion + 
2) Ascites + 
3) Benign Ovarian
Meigs Syndrome - ... Diagnosis and Management ... Triad: 1) Pleural effusion ... Benign Ovarian Tumor ... R pleural effusion
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
Excessive IV Mg infusion ... Mechanisms - Tumor ... lysis syndrome ... Magnesium #Table #Causes ... #Management
Causes of Pericardial Effusion - Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Viral: Enterovirus, Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Parvovirus
 • Bacterial: Mycobacterium
Causes of Pericardial ... Effusion - Differential ... #Pericardial #Effusion ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #cardiology
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions ... OTHER RARE CAUSES ... PRIMARY Cardiac tumors ... #Pericardial #Effusion ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Cardiovascular Causes ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... Costochondritis - Tietze syndrome ... • Pleura: - Effusion ... #Cardiology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
to growth plate fusion ... • Other rare causes ... GHRH hypothalamic tumors ... neuroendocrine tumors ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Mediastinal Widening - Differential Diagnosis

 • Vascular: Aortic dissection, Aortic anourysm, Enlarged pulmonary arteries, Venous or
Nodule / mass • Masses ... Lymphoma, Germ cell tumor ... Pneumomediastinum, Pericardial effusion ... Diagnosis #pulmonary #radiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... - Most common cause ... Commissural fusion ... (vegetations)/tumor ... #differential #cardiology
Constrictive Pericarditis on POCUS Echocardiogram - Apical 3-Chamber View

Young Lupus patient admitted to hospital new onset
Pericarditis on POCUS ... could pinpoint the cause ... has pericardial effusion ... with similar peri effusion ... Pericarditis #CP #POCUS