57 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renin secreting tumor ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #nephrology
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome ... • Down, Turner ... , Marfan syndromes ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... Renin-secreting tumor ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... Renin-secreting tumor ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
allele of RB1 tumor ... Retinoblastoma Signs ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
, Orbital apex syndrome ... URGENT: Brainstem tumor ... Miller-Fisher syndrome ... mass #Diplopia #differential ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... ): • Tumor • ... Pupils #Defects #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Lysis Syndrome ... Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... • Pathophysiology
Neuro-OphthaImoIogy - Visual Field Defects - Localization Map
 - Optic Nerve Lesion (Monocular vision loss)
 -
Neuro-OphthaImoIogy ... Pituitary/metastatic tumor ... NeuroOphthaImoIogy #Neurology ... #Differential # ... Anatomy #Causes #Ophthalmology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renin-secreting tumor ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology