31 results
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
other autoimmune diseases ... / Symptoms: - ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
hormone–dependent Primary ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... endocrine neoplasia type ... 1 or type 2A, familial ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #Differential
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
intervertebral disc disease ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar spine Signs ... reflexes) • Urinary ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Bladder retention -> Primarily ... hemicord lesion -> Primarily ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
neurodegenerative disease ... • Or brainstem syndromes ... /SYMPTOMS: • CENTRAL ... Signs and symptoms ... • Primary Progressive
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms ... Amyloid, Wild Type ... Sarcoidosis, Primary ... Hyper-eosinophilc Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Causes #differential
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome ... Changes in collagen types ... rubbing • Atopic diseases ... / Symptoms / Complications ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... and Symptoms: ... bile ducts Differential
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... skull neoplasms (e.g ... consistent with MS ... noninflammatory #differential