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Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
/nephritic syndromes ... the patient have glomerular ... dysmorphic RBCs in ... #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis
 - Prerenal
 - ATN
 - AIN
 -
- AIN - UTI ... - Nephrotic Syndrome ... - Nephritic Syndrome ... #Urinalysis #diagnosis ... #table #comparison
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... Nephrotic yndrome—podocyte ... #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... #Diagnosis
Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases
Nephrotic - Mechanism:
 • Injury to podocytes
 • Changed architecture: Scanning. Deposition of
Spectrum of Glomerular ... proliferation • Breaks in ... differential #spectrum #diagnosis ... #nephrology #nephritic ... #nephrotic #comparison
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
- TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... Acute interstitial nephritis ... (AIN) Postrenal ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... stimulus to ADH • Pain ... /Post-op • Neurologic ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... GFR, AKI/CRF Hormonal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... stimulus to ADH • Pain ... /Post-op • Neurologic ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... GFR, AKI/CRF Hormonal
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Prerenal:
 • Due to true volume loss or decreased
Kidney Injury (AKI ... damage to the glomeruli ... contrast dye) • AIN ... acute interstitial nephritis ... #nephrology
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
EM) Haematuria/nephritis ... Nephrotic syndrome ... #diseases #nephrology ... #pathology #comparison ... #table #diagnosis
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... In each diagnosis ... because nephritic ... #nephrotic #syndrome ... #nephrology