2297 results
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Liver Enzymes - Differential ... Algorithm Severe ALT ... > 15x ULN • Viral ... HELLP Moderate ALT ... #LiverEnzymes #Differential
Liver Enzymes (LFTs) - Causes of Hepatocellular and Cholestatic Liver Injury
Hepatocellular Liver Injury
 • AST/ALT elevation
Injury • AST/ALT ... > Alk phos • ALT ... • R value = (ALT ... + ULN ALT) / (alkaline ... Transaminitis #diagnosis #differential
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Function Tests - Differential ... : • Severe - ALT ... >15X ULN ... • Moderate - ALT ... < 5x ULN
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
kidney, brain ALT ... ≥ 3x ULN Cholestatic ... R Value = (ALT ... / ULN ALT) / (ALP ... / ULN ALP)
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
R-value: Serum (ALT ... /ULN ALT) / (Alk ... phos/ULN ALP) ... to liver than ALT ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Findings: • ↑AST/ALT ... (5-10x ULN), ↑Tbili ... Cr, ↓Glucose, ↓PLT ... infiltration) Differential
HAS-BLED Score
 - Hypertension: Baseline SBP > 160mmHg
 - Renal disease: Cr > 2.6mg/dL, on HD,
bilirubin > 2x ULN ... , or AST/ALT/alkphos ... > 3x ULN - History
Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clinical Presentation
 - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure.
 -
immunosuppressive tx: - ALT ... + AST > 10x ULN ... - ALT + AST > ... 5x ULN AND IgG ... > 2x ULN - Certain
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
IU/mL), normal ALT ... IU/mL), normal ALT ... IU/mL), normal ALT ... 2000 IU/mL and ALT ... 2000 IU/mL and ALT
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • 12-13 g/dL,
 • ANC < 1800/uL,
 • platelet < 150,000/uL

Initial
Pancytopenia - Differential ... • ANC < 1800/uL ... platelet < 150,000/uL ... studies, PT/aPTT Differential ... #Pancytopenia #Differential