10 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... or Ineffective (UNa ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
, Recent TURP Hypotonic ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... the underlying cause ... demyelination syndrome ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Myoglobinuria: UA positive ... #causes #treatment
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
and Management ... Weakness, cramping, nausea ... ± Urine Lytes: UNa ... only if no clear cause ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
Diagnosis and Management ... secondary AI, hyponatremia ... Hyperkalemia is ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... Secondary #Diagnosis #Management
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer
UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... concentrated for hypotonic ... capillary leak syndrome ... following HSCT) - UNa ... chemotherapy, nausea
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... radiocontrast, hypertonic ... structurally similar, positively ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... Classification #Causes