25 results
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - Diagnosis ... • Polyuria • ... Polydipsia • Vomiting ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... (Uncontrolled Diabetes ... • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... #Nephrology #Differential
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - Diagnosis ... • Polyuria • ... Polydipsia • Vomiting ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Diagnosis Algorithm ... glucose mg/dL]/18 HIGH ... Hyperglycemia, High ... /kg • Diabetes ... #Algorithm #nephrology
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... patients with type 2 diabetes ... have new-onset diabetes ... previously established diabetes ... are Euglycemic Diabetic
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... Polyphagia • Polyuria ... , vomiting (Incr ... endocrinology #diabetes
Typical Clinical Features of DKA:
 - 
Acetone breath 
 - Tachycardia 
 - Soft Bp
respirations - Nausea ... /vomifing - Abdominal ... pain - Polyuria ... #Diagnosis # ... Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... salicylate toxicity causes ... Ketoacidosis - diabetic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Syndrome • HTN, High ... Gitelman syndrom, Vomiting ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology