13 results
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - Diagnosis ... • Polyuria • ... Polydipsia • Vomiting ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - Diagnosis ... • Polyuria • ... Polydipsia • Vomiting ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... have new-onset diabetes ... ketoacidosis (EDKA ... with anorexia, vomiting ... vomiting, abdominal
Typical Clinical Features of DKA:
 - 
Acetone breath 
 - Tachycardia 
 - Soft Bp
respirations - Nausea ... /vomifing - Abdominal ... pain - Polyuria ... #Diagnosis # ... Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Loss - DDAVP -> Uosm ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... osmotic diuresis & vomiting ... Polyphagia • Polyuria ... , vomiting (Incr ... endocrinology #diabetes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... diuresis (see Polyuria ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... ketoacidosis ... • Vomiting, Nasogastric ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Extrarenal losses, Vomiting ... #nephrology