10 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... tubular necrosis (causes ... : sepsis, meds, ... #Kidney #Injury
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... risk-stratification • Risks ... transformation to acute ... Myelodysplastic #Syndrome
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... are seen in acute ... broad - Advanced kidney ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... ("Maltese cross
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles
Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements:
 • If low preload →
Acute Kidney Injury ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... long-term Foley • UTI ... Medications → Stop meds ... #Kidney #Injury
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Anemia of chronic kidney ... disease, Acute ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #hematology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Algorithm Vascular Causes ... vein: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Due to synthesis rises ... • Gilbert's syndrome ... cardiac muscle, kidneys
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
thyroid, Sjogren syndrome ... muscles: “myasthenic crises ... Myasthenia Crises ... aspiration and acute ... immunosuppressants - Meds
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
• Hypertensive crisis ... Neurological symptoms: Acute ... , ADEM, Acute toxic ... the underlying cause ... until cause identified
Scleroderma Renal Crisis (SRC)

Clinical Presentation of Scleroderma Renal Crisis:
1) Acute kidney injury
2) Abrupt onset of hypertension
3)
Scleroderma Renal Crisis ... : 1) Acute kidney ... , add other BP meds ... • Refractory cases ... #rheumatology #
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
, APML, CLL Acute ... -> AML: Blast crises ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology