55 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
• Symptoms of UTI ... and treat for UTI ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Urine: • Any cause ... Pseudomonas • Meds ... dyes typically cause ... Medical conditions: UTI ... discoloration #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Fever • UTI ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Status Epilepticus - Management
Seizure > 5 mins or two seizures without complete recovery between them
PEDS
Benzo Dose
between them PEDS ... seizures #management #treatment ... #algorithm #peds ... #pediatrics #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Treatment
Blood pressure control:
 • Aim for 10-25% BP reduction within
Syndrome (PRES) - Treatment ... titratable IV meds ... potentially causative meds ... Encephalopathy #Syndrome #Treatment ... #Management #Neurology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... disease, Pseudomonas UTI ... Bag Syndrome - UTI ... caused by (Proteus ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... urine volume): • UTI ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Polyneuropathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Metabolic: DM, Hypothyroidism, CKD, Cirrhosis, Nutritional deficiency
 •
Causes of Polyneuropathy ... • Toxic: EtOH, Meds ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #neurology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Shellfish poisoning, Meds ... Neuromuscular #Weakness #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... Stress, Nausea, ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology