12 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... of hypokalemia starts ... Renal tubular acidosis ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
ascending limb Gitelman ... renal tubular acidosis ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #Syndrome #diagnosis
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Ischemia, Compartment Syndrome ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... testing • Seen in Short ... Bowel Syndrome, ... #criticalcare #
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... reabsorption) Workup ... Elimination (see Table ... ) • Low K diet ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
hormones that work ... for Refeeding Syndrome ... both conditions, low ... #diagnosis #differential ... management #treatment #criticalcare