43 results
Dilated Abdominal Veins and Caput Medusae - Direction of Blood Flow

Vein Milking technique can be used
Normal veins: Umbilicus ... respecting the umbilical ... • IVC Obstruction ... • SVC Obstruction ... #physicalexam #diagnosis
Clinical Signs of Pancreatic Cancer
Jaundice
Cachexia
Depression
Vomiting from duodenal obstruction
Lymphadenopathy
Palpable gallbladder (Courvoisier's sign)
Hepatomegaly (extrahepatic biliary obstruction/secondary deposits)
Scratch marks
from duodenal obstruction ... Scratch marks (obstructive ... tumour spread to umbilicus ... via umbilical vein ... Cancer #Signs #diagnosis
Causes of Portal Hypertension According to Site of Vascular Obstruction
1) Prehepatic pre-sinusoidal: Portal vein thrombosis due
Site of Vascular Obstruction ... due to sepsis (umbilical ... #differential #diagnosis
Portal Hypertension Classification by site of vascular obstruction
1) Post-hepatic Post-sinusoidal: Budd-Chiari syndrome
2) Intrahepatic Post-sinusoidal: Veno-occlusive disease
3)
site of vascular obstruction ... due to sepsis (umbilical ... gastroenterology #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Retention: Internal obstruction ... , External obstruction ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Hepatic sinusoidal obstructive ... bladder outlet obstruction ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Classification #Nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... volume, Urinary obstruction ... you confirmed diagnosis ... simplified #workup #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
- Differential Diagnosis ... Urinary tract obstruction ... Urinary tract obstruction ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... nephritis • Obstructive ... transplant • Obstructive ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis ... #algorithm #nephrology
Amblyopia - Lazy Eye - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Deprivational - Obstruction of Visual Axis:
 • Ptosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Deprivational - Obstruction ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology