14 results
Dilated Abdominal Veins and Caput Medusae - Direction of Blood Flow

Vein Milking technique can be used
Dilated Abdominal ... Normal veins: Umbilicus ... anterior chest wall & abdominal ... physicalexam #diagnosis #hepatology ... #comparison #abdominal
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm ... Skin involvement, Kidney ... malignant biliary obstruction ... Injury #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #hepatology
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
HELLP • Trauma: Shock ... thrombosis, Sinusoidal obstruction ... • Iatrogenic: DILI ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... , Distributive Shock ... Artery Stenosis, Abdominal ... Post-Renal: • Obstruction ... nephrology #causes #algorithm
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Hepatic artery: Shock ... VZV • Trauma: Shock ... • Iatrogenic: DILI ... Intrahepatic - Obstruction ... #hepatology
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Normal Values and Interpretation

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal
skeletal muscle, kidneys ... skeletal muscle, kidney ... bilirubin (Conjugated/DBili ... ) - Biliary obstruction ... Interpretation #diagnosis #hepatology
Causes of Portal Hypertension According to Site of Vascular Obstruction
1) Prehepatic pre-sinusoidal: Portal vein thrombosis due
Site of Vascular Obstruction ... due to sepsis (umbilical ... to cirrhosis, Abdominal ... diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Cholestasis / Obstructive ... - elevation Obstruction ... cardiac muscle, RBC, Kidney ... Cardiac muscle, Kidneys ... #differential #Hepatology
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
skeletal muscle, kidney ... abnormality vs bone Bili ... - Direct (Obstructive ... Transaminitis #diagnosis #hepatology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute Kidney ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Acute Kidney Injury ... Hypotension • Shock ... Pigments Tubular Obstruction