10 results
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
Adjacent bursa • Tendon ... present both at rest ... e.g., congenital hip ... #Pain #MSK #rheumatology ... #differential #diagnosis
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
gastrocnemius (+ Thompson ... calf squeeze test ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Psoriatic Arthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical findings

In tendons and connective tissues:
 • Enthesitis  - Pain/tenderness over
findings In tendons ... Arthritis of DIP ... of IP joints ... PsoriaticArthritis #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Approach to Joint Pain - Diagnostic Framework

1) Chronicity
2) Inflammatory vs Non-Inflammatory
3) Number of Joints Involved

1) Chronicity:
Pain - Diagnostic ... warm, swollen, tender ... - parvovirus, HIV ... #Joint #Pain #MSK ... #differential #diagnosis
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
in Rheumatoid arthritis ... tend to bear the ... affects the knee hip ... Comparison #Versus #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Arthritis ... joints • Decr ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... symptoms #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Bone Deformity / Limp - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Infection
 • Septic Arthritis
 • Cortical Hypertrophy
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... JointHip Dysplasia ... Disease Knee Joint ... Patella (e.g., Tendon ... Deformity #Limp #MSK
Chondrocalcinosis: Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate (CPPD) Deposition Disease

 - Acute CPPD precipitation into the joint space ->
polyarticular arthritis ... Pseudo-rheumatoid) (tends ... , selected MCP/PIP ... Signs #Symptoms #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis
Popliteal (Baker’s) Cyst: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Idiopathic
 • Meniscal Lesions
 • Osteoarthritis
 • Rheumatoid
• Rheumatoid Arthritis ... semimembranosus tendon ... Popliteal #BakersCyst #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... vesicular eruption - Joints ... diminished, or tender ... retinopathy Lab Tests ... Cryoglobulins • HIV