24 results
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hormone Intake • Chronic ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
Tract Infections: Complications ... Prostatitis - Urease-producing ... Klebsiella) degrade urea ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Complications
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... lung, Renal Cell, Breast ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy #Pathophysiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Anisocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Physiological - Simple Anisocoria ( <O.5mm)
 - Anisocoria equal
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Tumor (Lung, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
noninfectious complications ... Autoimmunity • Chronic ... - gastric and breast ... IgG level X2 at least ... Malignancies • Chronic
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
findings Acute or Chronic ... into contiguous areas ... postauricular crease ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology
Eczematous Skin Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Eczematous - Pruritic/Scaly/Erythematous lesions. Usually poorly demarcated
 • Atopic Dermatitis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... lichenification (chronic ... Yellowish-red plaques with greasy ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Chronic leukemia ... with a relatively chronic ... involvement CML (Chronic ... Intracellular Urate ... Transformation: • Complication