18 results
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... in adults - Breast ... Tumours #MSK #Differential ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... renal, Bladder, Breast ... Hyperthyroid, Bony ... #causes #endocrinology
Bone Lesion on X-Ray - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Exostotic
 • Osteochondroma
Asymptomatic &/or Non-Active Bone Scam
 •
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Constitutional Symptoms ... BoneLesion #XRay #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... resorption in the bone ... lung, Renal Cell, Breast ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #algorithm
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
into contiguous areas ... postauricular crease ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Anisocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Physiological - Simple Anisocoria ( <O.5mm)
 - Anisocoria equal
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Tumor (Lung, Breast ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
from TB endemic areas ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs/Symptoms ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... of bacilli to bone
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... recovery after breast ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... stages #staging #msk
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
• Ligament • Bone ... or nerve root Symptoms ... the subchondral bone ... #Joint #Pain #MSK ... approach #workup #differential