22 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Pathogenesis and clinical ... into the deeper retinal ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... white or yellow areas ... of the terminal retinal ... around atrophic areas ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Afferent Pupillary Defect

An afferent pupillary defect passing through its timeline. The pupil that does not react
that does not react ... returns to its neutral ... Pupillary #Defect #clinical ... #video #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... creatinine by at least ... multiple myeloma) • Urate ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... • Increased urea ... response • Central ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... investigations depending on clinical ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
Shock Overview ... death Common Clinical ... Neuro: altered mental ... wet (dependent areas ... #differential #causes
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... joints (arthritis), central ... inflammation of the retina ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
Shock Overview ... death Common Clinical ... Neuro: altered mental ... wet (dependent areas ... #differential #causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Diagnosis (Clinical ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Treatment Overview ... • Treat underlying ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology