17 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
into the deeper retinal ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... to significant retinal ... ischemia causes ... macula, and/or retina
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Blurry Vision - Differential ... Retina 11. ... retinopathy • Macular hole ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology ... #causes
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
Floaters - Differential ... shadows on the retina ... breaks • Positive ... tear/holeRetinal ... Diagnosis #Ocular #ophthalmology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... - Differential ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... Endocrinology #Causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
nervefiber layer -> Retinal ... white or yellow areas ... of the terminal retinal ... lesions in the inner retinal ... around atrophic areas
Amblyopia - Lazy Eye - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Deprivational - Obstruction of Visual Axis:
 • Ptosis
 •
Amblyopia - Lazy Eye - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hemangioma • Retinal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Causes of School Difficulties - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Social Skills Deficit and Atypical Behaviour
• Consider Autism Spectrum
Causes of School ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Spectrum Disorder Home ... Specific Academic Areas ... Difficulties - All Areas
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... #causes #endocrinology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Anisocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Physiological - Simple Anisocoria ( <O.5mm)
 - Anisocoria equal
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Tumor (Lung, Breast ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology