9 results
Causes of Breast Disorders and Gynecomastia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Breast Infection:
 - Lactational
Causes of Breast ... Breast Infection ... abscess • Acute ... mastitis Breast ... Idiopathic #Breast
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
vasoconstrictive • Acute ... white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... creatinine by at least ... multiple myeloma) • Urate ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... Urine culture and treat ... Nephrology for renal
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
clinical findings Acute ... into contiguous areas ... fluctuant, tender mass ... postauricular crease ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
, APML, CLL Acute ... ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic ... ALL: mediastinal mass ... crises • Blasts ... Intracellular Urate
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
Usually a MAP of at least ... mm is needed to cause ... occur at lower MAPs ... , such as: - Acute ... Emergency #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Neurological symptoms ... : Acute onset 2 ... syndrome, ADEM, Acute ... the underlying cause