7 results
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... Hormone Intake • Chronic ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... Endocrinology #Causes
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... in adults - Breast ... Thyroid - Lung - Renal ... Osteochondroma • Osteoid ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... or normal): • Primary ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... #causes #endocrinology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... • Acute and chronic ... white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... structure-related • Primary ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... Pheochromocytoma Chronic ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... • Increased urea ... Recovery from Acute Renal ... Deprivation Test • Primary ... #Causes
Management of Pruritus in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Pruritus with no primary lesions - differential diagnosis:
Patients with Chronic ... Pruritus with no primary ... wool, over itchy areas ... scratch the itchy areas ... Pruritus #Treatment #Algorithm