22 results
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Proximal Weakness, Normal ... hydroxychloroquine therapy), Normal ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Osteoarthritis (OA): Clinical findings
 • Stimulation of joint nociceptors in subchondral bone -> Pain with loading
Disruption of normal ... osteophyte with normal ... Osteoarthritis #OA #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
lumbar spine Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... Areflexia (loss of normal ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #signs
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
in sun exposed areas ... keratinocytes but abnormal ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
skin (esp. over areas ... Pericarditis) -> Chest ... Dyspnea, pleuritic chest ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For The Adenoma Please ... Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Abnormal liver function ... suspicious clinical symptoms ... /signs should be ... Areas of diagnostic ... Liver #Enzymes #Differential
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... - The classic signs ... edema #causes #differential
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
to be falsely normal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology