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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
The fourth pattern ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... Differential #Diagram #Comparison ... #SignetRing #RadiologyAssistant
Low Attenuation pattern 
1. Lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM): uniform cysts in woman of child-bearing age; no history of
Centrilobular emphysema ... low attenuation areas ... Radiology #HRCT #CTChest ... #Comparison #Table ... #RadiologyAssistant
Low Attenuation pattern (2) 
1. Centrilobular emphysema: low attenuation areas without walls. Notice the centrilobular artery
Centrilobular emphysema ... low attenuation areas ... Radiology #HRCT #CTChest ... #Comparison #Table ... #RadiologyAssistant
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
Differential diagnosis ... in interstitial lung ... is interstitial lung ... #Pulmonary #CXR ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
Lung abnormalities mostly present as areas of increased density, which can be divided into the following
the following patterns ... are seen as in emphysema ... published soon: Chest ... #Diagnosis #Pathophys ... #Patterns #RadiologyAssistant
On the left some diseases with a nodular pattern.
1. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: ill defined centrilobular nodules.
2. Miliary
#Clinical #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #CTChest #Nodular ... #Differential #Comparison ... #Table #RadiologyAssistant
Radiologists use many terms to describe areas of decreased density or lucencies within the lung, like
terms to describe areas ... pneumatocele, emphysema ... we describe a chest ... with a thin wall Emphysema ... #Pulmonary #Diagnosis
Cavities frequently arise within a mass or an area of consolidation as a result of necrosis.
We
the surrounding lung ... without associated pulmonary ... emphysema. ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #Comparison #RadiologyAssistant
On the left a typical case of panlobular emphysema.
There is uniform destruction of the underlying architecture
the secondary pulmonary ... to widespread areas ... Pulmonary vessels ... Clinical #Radiology #CTChest ... PanlobularEmphysema #RadiologyAssistant
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
have specific patterns ... realise, that these patterns ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... ILD #Findings #RadiologyAssistant