9 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... investigations depending on clinical ... hepatitis serology, HIV ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
While the pathophysiology ... flexion occurs as ... an involuntary reflex ... to create maximal ... Sign #Meningitis #Clinical
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... volume • Patchy areas ... Clinical Presentation ... : The clinical ... reversible • HAND is also
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of the clinical ... lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... conditions listed in differential ... motor neurons - IV
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... periventricular areas ... CNS #Infections #differential ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #algorithm
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... complete paralysis of all ... Guillain-Barre Clinical ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... transplantation CLINICAL ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... the underlying pathophysiology ... specific therapy, the clinician
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Transverse Myelitis - Clinical ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... simplex virus, HIV ... #differential