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diagnosis differential causes alkalosis hypokalemia chloride low management metabolicalkalosis neurology urinary urine aids alkaliintake associated barttersyndrome bicarbonate bloodgasanalysis defects dementia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
Algorithm for Differentiating ... Gitelman syndrome ... from Bartter syndrome ... #syndrome #Bartter ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Proximal tubule Bartter ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... #Fanconi #Bartter ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Chloride depletion syndromes • Gastrointestinal losses -
Causes of Metabolic ... furosemide) - Bartter ... Gitelman syndrome ... • Severe potassium ... <2 mmol/L) #Metabolic
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Primary #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #nephrology #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Bartter syndrome ... • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... h - Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
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